The Complete Guide to the SF85 Form: Everything You Need to Know
Thursday, June 5, 2025
The SF85 form, also known as the “Questionnaire for Non-Sensitive Positions,” is a U.S. government document used during background checks. It’s designed for individuals applying for federal jobs or contractor roles that don’t require a security clearance but still demand a trust evaluation. It’s not as intense as the SF86 (used for sensitive or national security positions), but it’s no joke either.
Why is the SF85 Important?
Think of it as your formal handshake with the government. Before you’re granted access to federal systems, facilities, or even certain information, the government needs to ensure you’re trustworthy. That’s where SF85 steps in.
Understanding the Purpose
Who Needs to Fill Out the SF85?
You’ll usually be asked to complete an SF85 if you’re applying for a federal job, internship, or contractor position where a low-risk public trust is required. This applies across departments—Health, Defense, Homeland Security—you name it.
When is the SF85 Used?
Low-Risk Public Trust Positions
These are jobs that don’t give you the keys to the kingdom but still involve enough access to require vetting—think administrative roles or entry-level IT jobs within federal agencies.
Government Contractors and Employees
Contract workers and temporary employees might also be asked to fill out the SF85, especially if their work brings them into federal spaces or data systems.
Components of the SF85 Form
Basic Information Required
You’ll need to provide personal details: full name, aliases, social security number, date of birth, and so on. Simple stuff—but make sure it’s accurate.
Employment History
List all jobs from the past five years. Include job titles, employers, supervisors, and addresses. The government loves timelines, so don’t leave any gaps.
Residential History
Everywhere you’ve lived in the last five years, with dates and addresses. Yes, even that one-bedroom apartment you hated.
Education History
From high school to any colleges or training programs—include everything. Some positions may require verification of degrees or certifications.
References and Contacts
You’ll need to provide names and contact info for people who can vouch for you. Pro tip: pick folks who actually answer their phones.
Criminal and Legal Information
Have you ever been arrested or involved in court proceedings? Honesty is crucial here. A mistake won’t necessarily disqualify you—lying will.
How to Fill Out the SF85 Form
Step-by-Step Instructions
- Gather all necessary info before you begin.
- Log into the e-QIP system if directed.
- Fill out each section with full and accurate information.
- Review thoroughly before submitting.
- Submit electronically or print as instructed.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Incomplete Data
Leaving blanks or skipping sections is a fast track to processing delays.
Omitting Addresses or Contacts
Don’t guess. If you’re unsure about an address, track it down. Incomplete info = red flags.
Forgetting to Sign or Submit
It’s shockingly common. Review everything before you hit “submit.”
Digital Submission Through e-QIP
What is e-QIP?
The Electronic Questionnaires for Investigations Processing (e-QIP) is a secure online portal for submitting background investigation forms like SF85.
How to Use e-QIP to Submit SF85
Once you’re initiated in the system by your employer, you’ll receive login credentials. Follow the prompts to complete and submit your SF85.
Security Measures in e-QIP
e-QIP is encrypted and built for privacy. Still, use a secure network and don’t fill it out on public Wi-Fi at Starbucks.
What Happens After Submission
Background Check Process
Your form goes to the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), where investigators verify your history and check for red flags.
Timeline for Clearance
Most SF85 reviews take a few weeks, but it can vary depending on agency workload and the completeness of your form.
What Agencies Look For
Consistency, honesty, and reliability. They want to see that your story checks out.
Consequences of Inaccuracies
Penalties for False Information
Lying or omitting key info can lead to your application being rejected—or worse, a federal charge.
Delays in Job Offers or Access
Mistakes mean delays. You might lose a job offer while waiting for clearance to go through.
Tips for a Smooth SF85 Process
Gather Documents in Advance
Birth certificate, addresses, previous employers—it’s all easier with a file ready.
Double-Check Everything
Review twice before submitting. One typo can cost you weeks.
Keep Contact Info Handy
Have a list of your references and their correct phone numbers/email addresses.
SF85 vs SF86: What’s the Difference?
Key Differences Explained
SF85 is for low-risk positions; SF86 is for national security-sensitive roles. SF86 dives deeper into your life—foreign contacts, financial history, and more.
Which One Do You Need?
If your job doesn’t involve classified access, SF85 is usually enough.
Who Reviews the SF85 Form?
Office of Personnel Management (OPM)
They manage most federal background investigations and handle the initial vetting.
Role of the Hiring Agency
Your hiring agency may also review the form before or after OPM to confirm your suitability.
Legal and Privacy Considerations
Your Rights as an Applicant
You have the right to see what’s being checked and to challenge inaccurate info found during the investigation.
How Your Data is Protected
Agencies must adhere to strict privacy laws like the Privacy Act to keep your data safe.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
What If I Make a Mistake?
Contact your HR or security office immediately. They can reset your form or guide you on corrections.
Can I Edit After Submission?
Only if your agency reopens the form. Otherwise, you’ll need to notify them of any errors.
Who to Contact for Help?
Your agency’s personnel office is your first stop. They can help with access, login issues, and clarifications.
Conclusion
The SF85 form might seem like just another bureaucratic step, but it’s an important piece of the federal hiring puzzle. Taking the time to complete it accurately and thoroughly can save you time, headaches, and potentially your job opportunity. Whether you’re a new government hire or a contractor dipping your toes into federal waters, treat this form with the seriousness it deserves.
